Domestication of perennial flax using an ideotype approach. Donald skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. A method of crop improvement which is used to enhance genetic yield potential through genetic manipulation of individual plant character is termed ideotype breeding. Plant breeders have attempted to enhance yield by selecting for individual traits since the beginning of plant breeding. A valuable additional approach is available through the breeding of crop ideotypes, plants with model characteristics known to influence photosynthesis, growth and in cereals grain production. Ideotype breeding 3 heterosis breeding 4 male sterility 5 wide hybridization.
Pdf defining and designing architectural ideotypes to control. Review paper use of crop simulation modelling to aid. Ideotype breeding is defined as a method of breeding to enhance genetic. The weak competitor is a key point to the ideotype theory of donald, but seems to have caused some semantic confusion in the literature.
Topics covered include breeding strategy for the selection of an. The concept of plant type was introduced in rice breeding by jennings in 1964, while the term ideotype was coined by donald in 1968. Sedgley crop and pasture sciences group, school of agriculture, university of western a ustralia, nedlands, wa 6009, australia abstract sedgley, r. A total of 554 genotypes were evaluated in the field at different times of sowing in north. Progress in breaking the yield ceiling crop science. Right now, we have a 2to1 matching gift campaign, so you can triple your impact. Donald 1968 suggested that the asic ideotype should he first developed for the optimum, nonlimiting environment. This ideotype performs best at commercial crop densities because it is a poor competitor.
A crop ideotype is a model plant that is expected to yield a greater quantity or quality of grain, oil, or other useful product when developed as a cultivar donald, 1968. A barley breeding programme based on an ideotype volume 93 issue 2 c m. Eventually most plant breeding may be based on ideotypes. Introduction to ideotype breeding in broad sense an ideotype is a biological model which is expected to perform or behave in a. Towards a conceptual aba ideotype in plant breeding for. Ideotype breeding should be considered as a method to augment conventional breeding. The reiterative ideotype approach of designing and adjusting a crop ideotype model. An ideotype is a hypothetical plant described in terms of traits that are thought to enhance genetic yield potential. More specifically, crop ideotype is a plant model which is expected to yield greater quantity of grains, fibre, oil or other useful product when developed as a cultivar. An appraisal of the donald ideotype after 21 years.
Subsequent crossing of the best with the best has been a successful strategy in the past. Plant physiology, biotechnology and crop improvement. The scd ideotype is focused on a particular crop, maize, since the ideotype can be more specific in the context of a given crop and its agroecology. The paper chronicles view of an overthe breeding process, timeline, priority setting, objectives, different traits, germplasm sources, public and private breeding programs and researchers. Field crops research, 26 1991 93112 93 elsevier science publishers b. The ideotype concept and its application to the selection of cultivars of trees providing agroforestry tree products. Pdf ideotypes are a popular concept for plant breeders, who designate as such the ideal combinations of traits in a. Donald 1968 defined the concept of a spring wheat ideotype as the optimal wheat genotype with a maximum potential for grain yield production under optimal growing conditions. Pdf plant ideotype and growth redundancy in dryland wheats.
Some desirable traits are incorporated to produce a new variety. Introduction to ideotype breeding in broad sense an ideotype model which is expected to perform or behave in a predictable manner within a defined environment. The discovery and the analysis that followed showed that yield increases in many crops with the advent of scientific plant breeding are associated with better partitioning efficiency of the total dry matter produced, which on its own may have. Toward an integrated root ideotype for irrigated systems. Donald proposed a new philosophy, namely breeding on the basis of an ideotype, i. In part, parallel crop breeding activities are necessary because bambara bean occurs throughout africa and occupies a vast array of different sites. Crop ideotype its features and steps in ideotype breeding authors. A crop ideotype in cereal breeding can be described as a plant model system, which is expected to yield greater quantity or quality of grain, oil or other use. Their program testing in organic field were started in 2005 with the aim of finding the most desirable traits for triticale organic crop ideotype for latvian growing conditions. The ideotype approach also called analytical or physiological traitbased approach was proposed by donald 1968 to overcome the limitations of the methods used by breeders, namely selection for yield empirical method. The design of crop ideotypes is likely to involve concurrent modifications of the environment. Please view the pdf by using the full text pdf link under view to the left. In concluding his paper, donald optimistically remarked, eventually most plant breeding may be based on ideotypes 1. In systematics, an ideotype is a specimen identified as belonging to a specific taxon by the author of that taxon, but collected from somewhere other than the type locality the concept of ideotype in plant breeding was introduced by donald in 1968 to describe the idealized appearance of a plant variety.
An ideotype for climate change is the combination of traits genes that confers the crop a satisfying adaptation to climate variability and extreme events in specific environments and under specific cropping systems climate variability climate change breeding tools. Crop science abstract an evaluation of ideotype breeding 1. An appraisal of the donald ideotype after 21 years sciencedirect. The wheat ideotype here described will call for consideration of the density of planting, the fertilizer rate, the plant arrangement and weed control. Donald waite agricultural research institute, the university of adelaide, south. Ideotype breeding or plant type breeding can be defined as a method of crop improvement which is used to enhance yield potential through genetic manipulation of individual plant characters are chosen in such a way that each character contributes towards. Crop simulation models have potential for evaluating the effects of plant traits leading to the design of a crop ideotype for a target environment. Dear internet archive supporter, i ask only once a year. Ideotype breeding or plant type breeding can be defined as a method of crop improvement which is used to enhance genetic.
The later sown experiments were exposed to higher temperatures at the critical reproductive and grain. A comparative ideotype, yield component and cultivation value. Plant breeding overview hs 590 5 weeks, 1 credit course todd wehner, instructor. The plant type concept in crop improvement started to receive major attention with the discovery of dwarfing genes in wheat and rice. The ultimate goal of crop breeding is to develop varieties with high yield potential and desirable agronomic. Most plant breeding is based on defect elimination or selection for yield. Though this suggests a highly adaptable plant, there are indications that individual cultivars are sitespecific. Information and translations of ideotype in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on. Instead, ideotype models should be thought of as a complement to, not a replacement for, traditional breeding methods 3,14. Capabilities and limitations of crop models in supporting ideotype breeding. Defining and designing plant architectural ideotypes to control. An evaluation of ideotype breeding1 rasmusson 1987 crop. The concept of crop ideotype was developed by donald 1968 on wheat.
Plant breeding is a technique through which genetic traits of a plant are changed. Materials and methods in our trials there were 25 different winter triticale breeding lines, selected from conventional breeding. Since donald proposed ideotype breeding in 1968, agronomists and breeders have endeavoured to develop ideotype oriented breeding methods to improve the dryland wheat production. A common misconception about ideotype breeding is that it exists in opposition to traditional methods of breeding and selection.
Changes in european temperature extremes can be predicted from changes in pdf central statistics. Crop breeding methods and protocols delphine fleury. Some instances of the successful use of model characters of this kind are quoted. Irrigated agriculture represents a crucial and expanding sector, but. Tailoring rice plants for sustainable yield through.
Crop simulation models have been applied in various ways to support plant breeding. A more mechanistic approach, which is now commonly used in cereal breeding, is ideotype breeding. Crop ideotype its features and steps in ideotype breeding. Summarymost plant breeding is based on defect elimination or selection for yield. Ideotype breeding is defined as a method of breeding to enhance genetic yield potential based on modifying individual traits where the breeding goal phenotype for each trait is specified. Phenology is the observation and measurement of events in time introduced in 1853 by the belgian botanist charles morren and is derived from the greek words phaino, meaning to appear, to. Formation of triticale crop ideotype for organic farming. A comparative ideotype, yield component and cultivation. Crop ideotype in rice breeding peng yield of hybrid rice peng stability analysis lin plant breeders rights by cambia. Request permission export citation add to favorites track citation. Jennings pr 1964 plant type as a rice breeding objective. A pot experimental test using an old and a modern spring wheat cultivar. Pdf the ideotype concept and its application to the.
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